What Are Terpenes in Cannabis? Benefits, Aroma & Effects Explained
Terpenes are the aromatic compounds that give plants their distinctive scents and flavors — from the sharp freshness of pine needles to the sweetness of oranges and lavender. In cannabis, terpenes are responsible for much of the plant’s aroma and may also influence how it feels in the body. Even though they’re best known for their smell, terpenes play a much bigger role in how cannabis and CBD products work.
Understanding Terpenes
Terpenes are natural compounds produced by plants — and even some insects — as part of their defense and communication systems. They help attract pollinators, repel pests, and protect the plant against bacteria and fungi. In cannabis, these same molecules contribute not only to aroma and flavor but also to how different strains make you feel.
Researchers have identified more than 20,000 terpenes in nature and over 100 in cannabis alone. Each strain has its own terpene “fingerprint,” which helps explain why two plants with similar cannabinoid levels can have completely different aromas and effects.
How Terpenes Affect the Body
Terpenes interact with the body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS) — the same system influenced by cannabinoids like CBD and THC. The ECS helps regulate mood, sleep, stress response, pain perception, and immune balance.
Some terpenes can influence neurotransmitters such as serotonin or dopamine, while others show anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, or antioxidant effects.
This interaction is part of what’s known as the entourage effect — the idea that cannabinoids and terpenes work better together than in isolation. It’s one of the reasons full-spectrum and broad-spectrum CBD products often provide a richer, more balanced experience than pure isolates.
Common Terpenes Found in Cannabis
Here are some of the most common and well-studied terpenes you’ll find in cannabis and other plants, each contributing to unique aromas and potential effects.
Myrcene
Aroma: Earthy, musky, herbal
Myrcene is one of the most abundant terpenes in cannabis and is often associated with relaxing indica-dominant strains. It’s believed to help the body unwind and may contribute to the “couch-lock” effect some users experience.
Effects:
- Promotes relaxation and restful sleep
- Anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties
- May help cannabinoids enter the bloodstream more efficiently
Found in: Mango, hops, thyme, bay leaves
Limonene
Aroma: Citrus-like, bright
Limonene gives citrus fruits their fresh, uplifting scent. In cannabis, it’s linked to mood enhancement and stress reduction. It may also support digestion and immune health.
Effects:
- Elevates mood and reduces stress
- Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory
- Supports gut health
Found in: Oranges, lemons, grapefruit, rosemary
Pinene
Aroma: Pine, fresh forest
Pinene is one of the most common terpenes in nature and is thought to promote alertness and focus. It may also help open airways and balance some of the forgetfulness associated with THC.
Effects:
- Boosts focus and mental clarity
- Anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator
- May ease anxiety from high-THC strains
Found in: Pine needles, basil, dill, parsley
Linalool
Aroma: Floral, lavender-like
Linalool is best known for its calming, lavender-like scent. It’s used in aromatherapy to reduce stress and support sleep. In cannabis, it may help ease anxiety and promote relaxation.
Effects:
- Promotes calm and relaxation
- Anti-inflammatory and pain relief properties
- May support healthy sleep and mood balance
Found in: Lavender, cinnamon, mint
Beta-Caryophyllene
Aroma: Spicy, woody, peppery
Beta-caryophyllene is unique among terpenes because it directly binds to CB2 receptors in the body’s endocannabinoid system, acting like a cannabinoid itself. It’s often associated with pain relief and reduced inflammation.
Effects:
- Soothes inflammation and pain
- Acts as a “dietary cannabinoid” with stress-reducing potential
- May support gut health
Found in: Black pepper, cloves, oregano, cinnamon
The Entourage Effect – Why Terpenes Matter
Terpenes don’t just determine how cannabis smells — they shape the experience. When combined with cannabinoids, they can amplify or balance certain effects.
For example, myrcene may enhance THC absorption and relaxation, while limonene can lift mood and reduce stress. Choosing products based on terpene profile can help you tailor your experience — whether you’re after calm, focus, or relief.
Terpenes Beyond Cannabis
Outside the cannabis world, terpenes are used in aromatherapy, skincare, and natural wellness products. Because they’re plant-derived and highly concentrated, they’re also common in essential oils and botanical extracts.
Many people use terpene-rich oils for relaxation, focus, or to complement CBD use.
Where to Buy Terpenes
If you’re interested in high-quality, natural terpenes, you can explore our range below. Our blends are developed by Nordic Terpenes, known for their purity and accurate botanical profiles.
